Hasty Generalization
An assumption based with little to no reasoning/evidence
I went to VA beach and it rained the whole time Virginia always has bad weather
Ad Hominem
This is an attack on the character of a person rather than her/his opinions or arguments
Green peace stratgies arent effective because they are all dirty, lazy hippies.
Circular Reasoning
Restates the argument rather than actually proving it
Obama is a good communicator because he speaks effectively
Either/Or (Black/White)
Cliam their are two opion when their are more options
You can either support the tax increase, or say goodbye to all after school activities for our students.
Post hoc ergo propter hoc
Assuming that what has happened before an event is the cause of a separate event.
The bus broke down before the game and we lost the game. If the bus hadn’t broken down we would have won.
Non Sequitur
A fallacy committed when a conclusion does not follow logically from the given premise.
People died of cancer before cigarettes were invented so smoking doesnt cause cancer
Slippery Slope
A conclusion based on the premise that if one thing happens, then something else will, too
If you don't stop smoking cigarettes, then you are going to start shooting heroin
Strawman
Oversimplifies an opponent's viewpoints and then attacks that hollow argument
People who don't support the proposed state minimum wage increase hate the poor
False Analogy
Many arguments rely on an analogy between two or more objects, ideas, or situations. If the two things that are being compared aren't really alike in the relevant respects, the analogy is a weak one, and the argument that relies on it commits the fallacy of weak analogy.
"Guns are like hammers--they're both tools with metal parts that could be used to kill someone. And yet it would be ridiculous to restrict the purchase of hammers--so restrictions on purchasing guns are equally ridiculous."
Ad baculum
Using threats or innaporpite rudeness to gain ones belif or a yes
If everybody jumped of a cliff, would you?
Explanation:
