Based on his transcendental beliefs and "civil disobedience," it is most reasonable to assume that thoreau would have liked to create his own government, which would not require taxes. was unwilling to follow any law created by the government. believed following his conscience was more important than following the law. wished to be completely separate from society and those around him.

Based on his transcendental beliefs and "Civil Disobedience," it is most reasonable to assume that Thoreau believed following his conscience was more important than following the law. 
This is what he instructed people to do as well - if they disagree with what the government has to say, they need to do what they consider is the right thing and rebel if needed. Following his conscience rather than the law took him to prison on several occasions. 

Hey i wanna tell your dad to come over and get some food