Why should you include a counterclaim in your argumentative research essay?

a. to criticize a lack of evidence in your opponent's argument
b. to appeal to the feelings and emotions of your readers
c. to deeply explore the issue in order to pursue truth
d. to show that you support your opponent's argument

C. To deeply explore the issue in order to pursue truth  This is the correct option.

To get close to the truth is the aim of an argumentative research essay. To argue means to show the different sides of a claim. If a counterclaim were not included, the final truth would be your claim and this would not allow any further argument. Therefore, research would  be over. Your paper would be the final step in the chain of research and ,probably, your readers would not believe in you. Your readers would believe in a writer who shows a dialetical view, which means a view that has certainties and uncertantities. This is the path to the truth in research.

These options are not right:

A. To criticize a lack of evidence in your opponent's argument  ( The aim of the counterclaim is to develop the argument in itself since research has this characteristic. The point is not to criticise the other researchers)

B. To appeal to the feelings and emotions of your readers  ( An argumentative essay is constructed with logical evidence, not with emotions).

D. To show that you support your opponent's argument ( In fact, it is to show you are able to argue with other researchers. To argue means to find different ways to approach the same issue).

just add on too that

explanation:

each year on march 8, international women’s day is celebrated around the globe. it’s an important opportunity to shine a spotlight on women’s involvement, contributions, and accomplishments on a range of issues from domestic violence to the role of women in the c-suite. the theme this year is “be bold for change”― a dictum that those who know me personally will acknowledge has pretty much been my mantra throughout my career on wall street, in media and most recently, in philanthropy.the empowerment of girls as leaders, who can be emboldened today to become even stronger leaders tomorrow, is an increasingly recognized imperative in our world, and it couldn’t be closer to my heart

i would pick a. i think this is more of a personal question though.