Ethnocentrism and different communication codes are examples of
a. unavoidable communication problems
b. intercultural communication barriers
c. ways to avoid communication barriers
d. cultural characteristics

b. intercultural communication barriers.

Communication between different cultures can be extremely challenging. Issues like ethnocentrism and different communication codes can complicate matters even further. Ethnocentrism refers to interpreting a different culture through the lenses of your own. Cultural codes are behaviours, words or symbols that intend to convey a message but which are culturally and contextually bound. Although neither of these barriers is insurmountable, they do require a great deal of patience, understanding and open-mindedness in order to be overcome.

it is the background information on the characters and setting explained at the beginning of the story. the exposition will often have information about events that happened before the story began. the exposition is often the very first part of the plot.

explanation: in literature, realism focuses on dialogue, characterization, everyday moments and events, the character's psychological development, actions, decisions, as well as believable settings

explanation: