Stuck on this it's tricky with the answers

Wha is the topic discussed in “lifeboat ethics” ?

What is the key similarity between the characters of gerasim and vladimir ivanich in tolstoy’s the death of ivan ilyich?

When the author quotes the actress sarah brown as saying, i truly believe that this film gives an important message to audiences, the author is using a) repetition. b) a testimonial. c) an ethical appeal. d) the bandwagon method.