Read this excerpt from "the intelligent planet."

from now to 2020, computer scientists expect to see an entire world blossoming over the internet: electronic commerce and banking, cyber malls, virtual universities and schools, cyber libraries, and so on. we will begin to have a glimpse of hawthorne’s vision when “intelligent agents” became part of this global network, capable of answering our inquiries in plain, conversational language. but the true fruition of hawthorne’s vision may not come until the period from 2020 to 2050, when true artificial intelligent (ai) programs will finally be added to the net, capable of reason, common sense, and speech recognition.

select the most accurate summary of kaku’s argument.
after a period of internet growth, programmers will refine the internet by adding intelligence.
the internet will grow to include financial and educational institutions, and users will become more savvy.
hawthorne’s vision of an intelligent internet will not be realized until artificial intelligence is invented.
when malls and universities blossom on the internet, the global network will be capable of reason.

After a period of Internet growth, programmers will refine the Internet by adding intelligence.

The first part of the passage describes the growth of the internet in its first period, which the author defines as continuing until the year 2020. However, he argues that after this period, the internet will be refined by the addition of intelligence. This "true artificial intelligence" will be added to the net from 2020 to 2050.

the purpose of the heading in the passage is to identify who is telling the story.

this excerpt is part of the book sugar changed the world (2010) written by marc aronson and marina budhos. as the book has been written by two people, the heading "marc" indicates that this specific excerpt is being narrated by aronson. in the fragment, marc describes his grandfather's story after hearing it from his cousin. however, there are other excerpts where budhos is the one that tells the story of her family.

aronson and budhos, who are husband and wife in real life, decided to write sugar changed the world when they found out how sugar, which had an important role in slavery and economy, changed their ancestors' lives.