Finish the sentence.
during the 19th century, charles dickens one of the most famous british novelists.

has become
became
becomes
had become
would became

The correct answer is became.
'Has become' is incorrect because we have a limited time (during the 19th century), and present perfect tense means that the action is still happening in the present. 'Becomes' is incorrect because this happened in the past. 'Had become' is incorrect because you use past perfect tense only before something else happened in the past. 'Would became' is incorrect because it should be would become. 

The only reason based on my own answer or some of my instinct jack flack up and down and then twist all around before taking his medicine is because the label of his medicine says that you need to shake well before using or before taking it.