One of the ways to organize ideas during the pre-writing stage is to create a assessment
summary
timeline
rough draft

rough draft

Explanation: Pre-writing is previous to drafting. So that,discard the option 4.

Timeline definetly is a great help to organize ideas and you can do it as part of pre-writing.

Placing the facts in chronological order will help you to order the ideas to start writing.

i think the correct answer would be adjustments in life roles.  this causes for one to adjust or change totally his/her career or lifestyle since the present is not beneficial to the life role he is at. for instance, you became a mother you would of course stop going to malls and enjoying life outside. you would be staying at home taking care of your child.

the answer is b. the tomb is underground and dark, and its opening is covered by a heavy grate.