Describe how the author connects the final paragraph to the paragraphs that came before it. Explain how all four paragraphs in the
article work together to shape and refine the central idea. Use at least
two specific details from the text in your response.

Pls I need help and I have to finish this before five o clock

the present continuous is a verb tense which is mainly used to indicates that an action is in progress at the moment of speaking.  

it is formed using: person + verb to be (am/is/are) +verb + - ing form  

example: i am studying at this moment .

in addition, the present continuous is also used in order to express things that will or will not happen in the near future.

example: i am having dinner with some friends tonight.

the speaker sometimes   uses it   to express that an action is repeated and it causes irritation on the part of the speaker

example: my sister is constantly complaining about everything.

what is your question?