My mother said to me,"Drive carefully!" change into indirect speech​

Read this excerpt from tim o’brien‘s “ambush” “i had already pulled the pin on a grenade. i had come to a crouch” which literary device is most clearly shown in this excerpt?

Plz asap read this sentence from paragraph 3 of the article. the boys and girls are merely asked to obtain the signatures of ten friends or relatives. how does the word "merely" affect the meaning of the sentence? a- it suggests that asking people to subscribe to the washington times is something negative. b- it implies that obtaining ten signatures is not a requirement for receiving a prize. c- it downplays the fact that to win the prize, children must ask people to subscribe to the washington times. d- it emphasizes that children receive the prize only if they obtain ten signatures.

Direct characterization includes select all that apply. statements by the author about a character's personality statements by the author about a character's appearance statements by the author about what a character is like statements by the character about what they hate