How did the testimony of Heck Tate, Bob Ewell, and Mayella Ewell each actually prove that Tom Robinson was innocent?

The testimonies that Heck Tate, Bob Ewell, and Mayella Ewell give in the court actually proved that Tom Robinson was innocent.

Explanation:

"To Kill A Mockingbird" is a novel written by Harper Lee and is centered around the theme of racism.

In the novel when Mayella Ewell charged Tom Robinson of raping her, it was her testimony itself that proved Tom Robinson's innocence.

Mayella Ewell claimed that Tom Robinson bruised her neck and face on the righ-side, and Heck Tate testifies it to be true. This would mean that someone who is left-handed caused bruises on her. But when Tom Robinson stands in the court-room, his left-hand is shrieveled. Thus, he could not have caused any injury on her.

Bob Ewell's conflicting testimony concerning the bruises on his daughter's face further proved Tom Robinson's innocence.

the narrator closes the lantern tightly so the old man is

not awakened by the bright light

explanation:

not concrete, existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence