Essential information; therefore, the writer must have more than one brother.)

EXERCISE 13 Using commas for introductory and nonessential elements

Read the sentences. Add commas as needed to set off introductory phrases and clauses and nonessential elements...

1 On their vacation the Slovins are going to go to India which they've both been interested in visiting ever since an Indian family moved in next door.

2 Because of busy work schedules they won't be able to spend more than two weeks there.

3 They'll visit the Taj Mahal I'm sure as well as two or three major cities.

4 Since the Slovins live in a warm climate they already have suitable clothes for their trip.

5 They'll want to buy presents which are typical of the places that they visit.

6 In my opinion they'll have a wonderful time because both are good travelers and interested in other cultures.

Follow-up Write two sentences illustrating Guideline 1 and two sentences illustrating Guideline 2. Write about plans for a visit to another country.

Guideline 3​

Which two passages in this excerpt from the death of ivan illych does leo tolstoy use to suggest that ivan ilych feels like his life is slipping away from him? "what's the use? it makes no difference," he said to himself, staring with wide-open eyes into the darkness. "death. yes, death. and none of them knows or wishes to know it, and they have no pity for me. now they are playing." (he heard through the door the distant sound of a song and its accompaniment.) "it's all the same to them, but they will die too! fools! i first, and they later, but it will be the same for them. and now they are merry . . the beasts! " anger choked him and he was agonizingly, unbearably miserable. "it is impossible that all men have been doomed to suffer this awful horror! " he raised himself. "something must be wrong. i must calm myself—must think it all over from the beginning." and he again began thinking. "yes, the beginning of my illness: i knocked my side, but i was still quite well that day and the next. it hurt a little, then rather more. i saw the doctors, then followed despondency and anguish, more doctors, and i drew nearer to the abyss. my strength grew less and i kept coming nearer and nearer, and now i have wasted away and there is no light in my eyes.