Read the excerpt from Jayden's research paper. Oceanography is a diverse field of study that encompasses biology, chemistry, geology, and physics. As a result, it can be broken down into
several areas of expertise. One area is physical oceanography. A physical oceanographer studies the ocean's physical attributes and processes.
In contrast, a geological oceanographer concentrates on the landforms on the seafloor, such as mountains and
valleys. A biological oceanographer studies the ocean as a complex ecosystem. This type of scientist is interested in the interactions among various
populations of marine life. A fourth type of oceanographer is a chemical oceanographer. He or she studies the chemical components of ocean
water. This can include an examination of the ways that seawater chemically interacts with both the atmosphere and the ocean floor.
Which example, if added to the blank, would best help to develop the topic?
O 1. This kind of expertise demands a deep understanding of the sea.
02. A physical oceanographer might study the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
O 3. Erosion is a physical process an oceanographer would most likely find interesting.
04. This area requires knowledge of waves, tides, and currents, as well as the movement of sand.

the mood is annoyed. they wish sandy was there do to the job right and since they dont like they way it came out now they are annoyed.

appeal to ethos is your answer.

answer: we need to see the ads : )

what: when quoting a source, use the author’s words verbatim, or word-for-word. this means you shouldn’t change any grammar, punctuation, spelling, etc. put quotations around the words to tell your reader where the quote begins and where it ends.

you also need to acknowledge the author. for example, if using mla format for your research paper, you should have in-text citations with the author’s name and page number listed at the end of each quote.

when: use quotations to provide concrete examples to support your claims. using direct quotations is a great way to build your credibility on the subject. it’s also a good idea to quote your source when the author states things in a powerful way. if you think he or she said it best, then use the exact words to share the ideas.

example: in the short story “a jury of her peers”, mrs. hale compares mrs. wright to her caged bird, saying “she—come to think of it, she was kind of like a bird herself. real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and—fluttery. how—she—did—change” (glaspell).

paraphrasing

what: paraphrasing differs from quoting because you restate the passage in your own words. since you don’t use the author’s words, you don’t need to use quotation marks. however, you still need to acknowledge the author for his or her ideas.

when paraphrasing a text, you should communicate the full meaning of the text; don’t change the meaning. it can be a condensed version of the text, or it could end up being longer than the source it’s paraphrasing.

when: you use paraphrasing when you take notes, or explain a chart or diagram to someone. paraphrasing highlight the important parts of a larger text. it also allows you to simplify the ideas for your readers.

example:

original: “it was no ordinary thing that called her away–it was probably further from ordinary than anything that had ever happened in dickson county. but what her eye took in was that her kitchen was in no shape for leaving: her bread all ready for mixing, half the flour sifted and half unsifted” (glaspell).

paraphrase: as mrs. hales walks around mrs. wright’s home, she notices that the kitchen is in disarray as if she was in the middle of baking bread (glaspell).