PLZ HELP. YALL JUST THOSE 2 QUESTIONS T^T

Which historical detail can best clarify a reader’s understanding of the information in the excerpt? immigrant factory workers who spoke the same language were separated from each other at work. immigrant factory workers who spoke the same language were known to talk too much at work. immigrant factory workers had to pay rent for their chairs and the supplies they needed at work. immigrant factory workers were crowded into unsafe buildings with locked doors and fire escapes.

What do mcmahon’s references to thomas carlyle and john stuart mill do for his own image and credibility?

What do advice means in the dictionary?