Resolution: Justice requires the recognition of animal rights. Negative position: Animals have no moral rights. They lack any sense of morality. They lack an understanding of their duties toward others. They lack the capacity for free moral judgment.

. . . Animals do not behave morally, and they are not members of a moral community.

Read the resolution and the negative position.

Which text evidence best supports the negative position?

“They lack an understanding of their duties toward others.”
“Animals have no moral rights.”
“They are not members of a moral community.”
“Animals do not behave morally.”

Which two parts of this excerpt from mary shelley’s frankenstein reveals information about the setting? (it was on a dreary night of november that i beheld the accomplishment of my toils.) with an anxiety that almost amounted to agony, (i collected the instruments of life around me, that i might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that lay at my feet. it was already one in the morning; the rain pattered dismally against the panes, and my candle was nearly burnt out) when, by the glimmer of the half-extinguished light, i saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open; it breathed hard, and a convulsive motion agitated its limbs. (how can i describe my emotions at this catastrophe), or how delineate the wretch whom with such infinite pains and care i had endeavored to form? his limbs were in proportion, and i had selected his features as beautiful. beautiful! great god! (his yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; ) but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same color as the dun-white sockets in which they were set, his shriveled complexion and straight black lips.