Read the excerpt about the Sicurella family from "Island of Hope, Island of Tears." Pietro and Rosa Sicurella lived with their nine children in Adrano, Sicily prior to coming to the United States. Pietro and Rosa's oldest son, Giuseppe, immigrated in 1903 to study art. His brother Salvatore followed in 1908 and their siblings Antonio, Maria Anna, and Angelina joined them in 1913. When Giuseppe died in 1916, the Sicurella siblings living in New York decided not to return to Sicily--the rest of the family joined them after World War I. Giuseppe D'Amico, Concetta Sicurella's husband, immigrated with his wife's family, leaving his own family behind in Sicily.

The Sicurella family typified the kinds of professions many Italian immigrants undertook once they came to America in the early 1900s. As Concetta Sicurella's daughter, Teresa (the donor of the Sicurella artifacts), recalls: "Living in Manhattan in the early 1920s had some advantages. The street may not have been paved in gold, but jobs were readily available to immigrants who had skills . . . "

Which sentence from this excerpt reflects a cause-and-effect text structure?