1st article "Discovering the bends"
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Decompression sickness DCS or sometimes called bends is a minor pain that a scuba diver can get over easily, All scuba divers are trained to avoid DCS.
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Decompression sickness is a minor sickness that a trained scuba diver can get over easily. Decompression sickness occurred more than 300 years ago. Robert Boyle a scientists experimented a new invention, He had created a pump that could pull the air out of a thick glass jar called a bell jar. He put a snake in the jar and discovered that a bubble had appeared in the snake's eye when the pressure was lowered and the snake had decompression sickness.
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People continued to experiment in laboratories until 200years later when bridge builders invented a tool that caused decompression sickness in humans. The builders tried to place the bases of the bridge under deep waters, But some creative bridge builders invented the caisson a large waterproof room with an open floor that could be lowered to the bottom of the river.
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Many workers used the caisson, but unfortunately those men were getting sick very often and some of the workers even died from the sickness and nobody knows why. But many claimed it to be a curse.
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Paul bert a French scientist figured out why the builders got so sick and understood that a caisson is more like the Robert Boyle bell jar. Bert realized bubbles were forming inside the workers blood vessels just like they formed in the snake eyes.
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Bert suggested that the caisson could be brought to the surface slowly thus preventing caisson disease. People followed Bert's advice and caisson disease disappeared completely.
2nd article "Not So Tiny Bubbles"
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Deep sea divers were suffering from decompression sickness. Rising slowly to the surface was helpful, but it turns out that diving is more complicated than working in a caisson. Divers go up and down to different depths, and they stay there for various lengths of time.
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Bubbles form when a gas, carbon dioxide, is dissolved inside a liquid that is under pressure. When you open a bottle of soda pop, there is less pressure inside it, and it cannot dissolve as much gas. That makes gas bubbles form as the gas tries to expand. This is what happened when a bubble formed in the eye of the snake in Robert Boyle's bell jar. It is also what happened to workers in the caissons.
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When the men were under 200 feet of water, they were breathing air under pressure. Every breath they took was packed with extra nitrogen, which dissolved in their bodies. Bringing the caissons up slowly was like opening a bottle of soda pop slowly—it let the nitrogen gases leave the bloodstream slowly, without forming large bubbles. The same thing happens in the body, although the gas is not carbon dioxide.
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A scientist discovered that divers ascended slowly was not the best way to ascend; it was better to ascend a certain distance and then stop for a while. John Haldane's tables showed divers how to do "decompression stops" when they ascended. Divers could look at the tables to see how they should ascend to the surface, depending upon how deep they had been.
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Even now, no one is absolutely sure they know how DCS happens. Scientists are still looking for the best way to prevent it. And it all started with a bubble in the eye of a snake.
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