What is the purpose of the bill of rights? to what part of the preamble is it most directly related?

The American Bill of Rights is the set of the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution, these guarantee freedom of expression, religion, the press, the right to assembly, the right to file lawsuits with the government and various individual rights on procedural aspects and criminal proceedings. They were proposed by Congress and ratified by the different states, in compliance with the fifth article of the original Constitution.

This bill of rights is directly related to the Preamble of the Constitution, since this text grants all the benefits of "freedom" for the people and for future residents, thus granting them the civil rights mentioned above.

the anecdote makes readers feel sorry for the man’s lack of heritage, then reminds readers that the man has an equally valuable heritage.