Which of the following is an example of indirect characterization?

a. joe was a lazy, good-for-nothing farmer without a penny to his name.
b. joe wouldn’t life a finger to his neighbor if you paid him.
c. joe was a poor, sorry excuse for a farmer.
d. joe pulled the brim of his hat low over his eyes as he settled back against the tree. he looked out over his fields. “that plowing can wait a day or two,” he thought, and closed his eyes for a midday nap.

The correct answer is D. Joe pulled the brim of his hat low over his eyes as he settled back against the tree. He looked out over his fields. “That plowing can wait a day or two,” he thought and closed his eyes for a midday nap.

Explanation:

In literature, the characterization is the way the author of a text reveals the personality and traits of characters. Additionally, this can be classified into direct characterization if the author uses descriptions or indirect characterization if instead of describing directly the personality and traits of a character the author presents the actions and words of the character and this suggests the personality of a character. Considering this, the one that is an example of indirect characterization is option D, because this presents actions and words of Joe that suggest he does not like to work or is lazy and it is the only option that does not directly describe his personality and therefore an example of indirect characterization.

one thousand and one nights, also known as arabian nights is a collection of stories whose basic structure is that of embedded narrative. this technique refers to a main story which works as the common frame - or framing narrative - for the other stories, and then this series of stories which are connected to the main one. this technique can also be referred to as a story within a story. the stories stem from the original tale, some begin and end on their own, some are connected to the previous or following one, by means of questions that are answered in the subsequent tale, or characters which reappear.

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