What structural decision does a translator make when translating an original text?
a. character development
b. word choice
c. conflict resolution
d. dialogue

Actually, I am not too sure the question is well phrased. Translators do not decide on character development, conflict resolution or dialogue: they just need to stay faithful to the original text, those decisions are up to the original author.

so the best answer is "word choice", but that's not exactly "structural".

Unless the option of "dialogue" means the word choice in dialogue, but I don't think so.

I would say that a good answer would be "word order" or "grammatical construction".

Refute it, showing why it is mistaken—an apparent but not real problem; acknowledge its validity or plausibility, but suggest why on balance it's relatively less important or less likely than what you propose, and thus doesn't overturn it; concede its force and complicate your idea accordingly—restate your thesis in a more exact, qualified, or nuanced way that takes account of the objection, or start a new section in which you consider your topic in light of it. this will work if the counterargument concerns only an aspect of your argument; if it undermines your whole case, you need a new thesis.