What is the function of the phrase "hoping for a few scraps of food” in the first sentence? it is a participial phrase that modifies “puppy.” it is an infinitive phrase that modifies “puppy.” it is a participial phrase that modifies “man.” it is a gerund phrase that is the subject of the sentence.

The function of the phrase "hoping for a few scraps of food” in the first sentence is It is a participial phrase that modifies “puppy.”

The participle phrase starts either with the present  (dependably ending with -ing) or past  (dependably ending with -ed)

The participle phrase includes the modifiers or objects to complete the thought of the sentence. For instance, in the above sentence 'hoping' is the present and modifies the word “puppy”. Therefore, the participle phrase acts as an adjective always, providing a description of the sentence,

Explanation:

It's A

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in the quotation from passage, connie willis states that literature is a way for authors from the past to communicate with readers of today. we can read their stories, books, and other texts to learn lessons about life. willis refers to these lessons as messages “from beyond the grave.” willis has a favorable viewpoint about the timelessness of literature.