Read the following sentence.
the cars passing by are filled with commuters.
which of the following sentences is not true?
(1 point)
the sentence includes a present participle.
the participial phrase modifies the word commuters.
the participial phrase is essential. no commas are needed.
the participial phrase is passing by.
2. read the following sentence.
family names derived from people's surroundings were common in the middle ages.
which of the following sentences is not true?
(1 point)
the sentence includes a past participle.

The first sentence:
The sentence includes a present participle. (this is true: this participle is "passing")
The participial phrase modifies the word commuters. (false! it modifies "cars")
The participial phrase is essential. No commas are needed. (correct!)
The participial phrase is passing by. (this is also correct!)

The second sentence:

The sentence includes a past participle.  (correct! it's "derived")
The participial phrase modifies the words Middle Ages. (false it modifies "Family names")
 The participial phrase is essential. No commas are needed. (correct!)
The participial phrase is derived from people's surroundings.(correct again! this is the whole participial phrase)

Idon’t understand this and wym

You need to provide more information because i do not know what story it is or character this is referring to.