What factors affect a regions climate and therefore its ability to support and sustain life?

The climate in a particular region is defined by multiple factors, which even though work in different ways still compose one unique unit that modifies the climate. The climate factors are alleviation, latitude, prevailing winds, water bodies, ocean currents, vegetation, topography, but also a very important factor is the global climate pattern because it is the basis for all the other factors.  

c-flooding of the area and the development of wetlands