Describe the primary environmental challenges facing latin america in the early 21st century.

Two environmental impacts of urbanization in Latin America are increased air pollution and poor sanitation systems.

Explanation:

Environmental pollution is the damage to the environment caused by human activities. This not only concerns chemical compounds, but also sound, light and radiation. These things can be both natural, such as carbon dioxide and phosphate, and unnatural, such as plastics and man-made isotopes.  

Pollution is termed if the concentration of the substance or the intensity of the phenomenon is significantly above the normal level. Environmental pollution can pose a risk to humans (including their health and prosperity) and to nature (including biodiversity).  

Protection of the environment is achieved through, among other things, environmental legislation and action by the environmental movement.

In Latin America, pollution and unsanitary conditions are dangerously high in countries such as Mexico, Brazil or Chile, where poorly regulated companies pollute the environment by dumping waste in rivers or through the release of polluting smokes. Cities like Mexico City have air pollution rates that exceed what is considered normal and acceptable by international organizations. Few countries, such as Argentina and Uruguay, are the exception to this situation. These countries control the companies and industries that produce in their territory, and carry out environmental policies aimed at controlling pollution levels in their territories.