When you approach the edge of the grand canyon and see horizontal layers of rock, and the principle of tells you that the oldest layer is on the bottom.
cross-cutting relationships
superposition
lateral continuity
numeric (absolute) dating
original horizontality
what is an isotope?
an atom that has more or fewer electrons than it typically does
a nucleus of an atom that has split during the decay process
an atom that has more or fewer neutrons than it typically does
an atom that has double the protons of a stable atom
how do we know that earth is 4.6 billion years old when no known rocks are left from that time? scientist use
relative dating techniques in combination with carbon dating.
the fossil record and the principle of superposition.
relative dating techniques such as cross-cutting relationships
uranium-lead radiometric dates from meteorites
when the radiometric clock starts ticking in zircon minerals, there is 100% of the unstable radiometric u-235 and 0% of the stable pb-207.
after testing in a lab, there is 25% of the parent radiometric isotope and 75% of the daughter isotope. if the half-life of u-235 is 704 million years, then how old is the mineral?
176 million years old
1,056 million years old
2,112 million years old
1,408 million years old
352 million years old
fossils that are good index fossils have
narrow range of time in which they exist and wide geographic distribution.
wide range of time in which they exist and small geographic distribution.
wide range of time in which they exist and wide geographic distribution.
easy to identify features and are found everywhere.
the hadean is characterized by
first life like in the form of cyanobacteria
first oxygen rich atmosphere and liquid water
ediacaran fauna and eukaryotic cells
abundant bombardment and partially molten surface
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When you approach the edge of the grand canyon and see horizontal layers of rock, and the principle...
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