In general, how do false color images differ from natural color images?

A false color image is represented by multispectral band of sensor of red, green and blue components, allowing us to visualise wavelengths that natural images can't.

Explanation:

A false-color can help locate the nonvisual part of the colour of the image with an electromagnetic spectrum that differs from a true photograph or natural images. Used in density slicing, and choropleths for informative visualization, like red, is used for vegetation, blues for build area or settlement and yellow for agricultural lands and rivers black in color. The difference in spectral sensitivity of the human eye and the optical camera which use infrared to detect vegetations from a dense cluster of buildings.it is also called as Pseudo color which can show the thermal heat signatures of the color with there wavelengths, thus false color is often used among satellites and aerial photography

The study of where things are 

Answer erosion,oil spills,pollution,tourism,urban development;