Where did civilizations first form in europe?
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a. near rivers
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b. near ice caps
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c. on dry plains
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d. at mountain bases

The first well-known literate civilization in Europe was that of the Minoans. The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization that arose on the island of Crete and flourished from approximately the 27th century BC to the 15th century BC

Explanation:

italian workers migrated to northern provinces

answer; (d) melting of sea ice;