18. All of the following represent examples of the incidence of tax, EXCEPT for *

See explanation

Explanation:

You didn't give the options and I couldn't find the exact question online. Let me try help out.

Incidence of tax is the impact that a tax simply has on how the economic welfare are being distributed. It refers to how tax is being distributed between the producers and the buyers of a particular good. It should be noted that the tax burden is shared by the sellers depending on the elasticity of the said product.

For example, in a situation whereby a $2 tax is imposed on each good a producer produces, if the producer then pass the tax to the final consumers when he raised the price of the goods by $2, we can simply say that such good has a price inelastic as the entire burden falls on the consumer.

Also, assuming the producer can't increase prices because such good is price elastic, that is, there will be a greater change in the quantity of the goods demanded, the burden will be felt by the producer alone. Here, we can say that the tax incidence falls on the producer.