How was the medellin cartel finally brought down?
a.
its leaders were arrested and imprisoned in american jails.
b.
its leaders were hunted down and killed by armed forces.
c.
the cartel ended its activities in exchange for immunity.
d.
small, independent producers took over its territory.


b. its leaders were hunted down and killed by armed forces.

The investiture controversy began as a power struggle between pope gregory vii (1072–85) and henry iv, holy roman emperor (1056–1106).[2] a brief but significant struggle over investiture also occurred between henry i of england and pope paschal ii in the years 1103 to 1107, and the issue played a minor role in the struggles between church and state in france, as well.by undercutting the imperial power established by the salian emperors, the controversy led to nearly 50 years of civil war in germany, and the triumph of the great dukes and abbots. imperial power was finally re-established under the hohenstaufen dynasty. historian norman cantor:

980 is the correct answer