there's multiple reasons why the conquistadors were so successful in colonizing central america, and some of them are:
- they were seen as gods;
at the beginning, the spanish settlers were seen by the natives as gods, and this was mainly due to their white skin, and the way they came with their boats.
- possessed superior weaponry;
the spanish had gunpowder and guns, as well as cannons, while the natives did not had any fire weapons.
- made cleaver alliances;
they used the situation of tribes hating each other, so they made alliances with some of them which served them very well.
- brought diseases;
the native people were not immune to certain diseases the europeans brought with them, so they were dying from seeming harmless things for european standards.