The mercator map is historically one of the world's most popular map projections. describe this projection. why was it created, and what kinds of distortion can you see?

The Mercator projection is the flat projection that uses straight lines to help sailors find their way around the seas. It was mainly created for this purpose: nautical transportation. One of the big problems with the Mercator projection is the east-west stretching that occurs near the poles: Greenland and Antarctica are shown to be much larger than they actually are.

Earths place in space 

Water flows along the east coast and across the western tropical pacific towards south america, while they both are directed towards that way,  el niño does not directly affect the southern flow of water along the coast.