Using kenya as an exampleevaluate the role of primate cities in national development

Explanation:

A primary purpose of this report is to stimulate within the

U.S. Agency for International Development (A.I.D.) a discussion

on urbanization in developing countries and the importance

urbanization can play in shaping national economic growth and

development. Directed to project and program designers and

Mission strategists, the report contends that there has been a

rural-urban "divide" in the Agency and in developing country

governments. The divide is viewed in the context of a growing

antiurban bias and in the perception that urbanization is somehow

"bad. n Although urbanization is not occurring along the same

lines in the developing countries as it has in Western countries,

it can, and in some cases does, contribute effectively to overall

national economic growth and development.

This report argues that urbanization in developing countries

falls along a continuum between extreme types. Type 1 occurs

when overall national economic growth and development are pre-

sent. Type 2 occurs when there is inadequate overall growth,

even underdevelopment.

In a review of regional trends, much of Sub-Saharan African

urbanization falls under Type 2, namely, rapid urbanization and

urban growth with limited national development. The Near East is

skewed toward increased concentration of urban peoples in the

largest cities, but generally in the context of moderate devel-

opment across the region. Asia shows a mixture of Types 1 and 2,

a case of "mixed" urbanization. There, Type 1 applies mainly to

the middle-income, newly industrializing countries, while Type 2

applies mostly to low-income countries experiencing low

agricultural production, low employment and income, and high

rates of rural migration to megacities. For Latin America, a

mixture of Types 1 and 2 also occurs, mainly in the form of

"overurbanization" and slowed development.

Factors of national importance in urbanization include

socioeconomic conditions and policies that have a direct impact

on a country’s human settlements; for example, national policy

that directly affects income and employment has indirect effects

on those settlements. Another major factor that affects urbani-

zation is migration by rural households to urban areas in

response to economic incentives. In developing countries,

households respond to such incentives in choosing places to work.

Equally important is the character of rural-urban linkages. In

places where urbanization is of Type 1, rural-urban linkages

actively contribute to a dynamic marketing system; but for Type

2, such linkages do not create opportunities for

where is the picture? ?

radiative zone

explanation    

radiative zone is the layer of the sun which energy is transferred away from the core by radiation. although, the core is the only part of the sun that produces an appreciable amount of heat through fusion. in fact, 99% of the energy produced by the sun takes place within 24% of the sun's radius.