The layers of the atmosphere are determined based on air temperature, which has to do with the energy of the molecules in the air. where does this energy originally come from?

I assume they originate from the outside universe
I can't know though.
There's probably a cycle that keeps it going.. the water cycle..

This would be an open primary. a closed primary people can vote only prior to election day if the party if they are registered. independent voters can not participate. there is not a wide-open primary, but there is a semi-open primary.