You have been called for a 13-year-old boy who was caught sniffing glue by his parents. the boy is lethargic and confused and complaining of burning to the mouth and nose as well as nausea and vomiting. based on the clinical presentation and mechanism of illness, how has this poison affected the boy's brain?

The parents of a 9-year-old girl bring their daughter to the ed. for the last 12 hours, the child has suffered severe nausea and vomiting, as well as diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. further discussion with the child indicates that she suffers from blurred vision and headache. the parents originally were worried about bringing the child to the ed because they feared deportation since the family are illegal immigrants employed to pick strawberries on a nearby farm. on direct questionning, the parents admit that the child was assisting with spraying crops with pesticides the previous day. none of the family members was wearing any protecting clothing. her bp is 88/48 mmhg, pulse is 90/min, rr 33/min, temp 38 c. the child appears sweaty and confused. auscultation of the lungs reveals a diffuse wheeze bilaterally. pupils are miotic and the child has diffuse muscle weakness. which of the following interventions is the most appropriate treatment? - atropine- charcoal- glucagon- naloxone- exposure: consider organophosphate poisoning, which inhibits cholinesterase and results in accumulation of ach in both muscarinic and nicotinic sites. pralidoxime activates achatropine competes with ach only at muscarinic receptors, but will not reverse nicotinic effectscharcoal = gastric decontaminationglucagon = reverse beta-blocker overdosenaloxone = reverse effects of opioids