Which factor is likely to most likely to protect against shoulder dislocation?

Rotator cuff muscles are likely to most likely to protect against shoulder dislocation.

Explanation:

The rotator cuff muscles are a group of muscles -infraspinatus, supraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor. The prime function of these muscles is to stabilize the shoulder joint – glenohumeral joint (a ball and socket joint) and to control its movements. The muscle forms a cuff around the humeral head and rotates the joint.

The rotator cuff muscles;

Stabilize the glenohumeral joint Holds and protects the humeral head over the glenoid cavity Prevents any upsliding movement of the humeral head Facilitates shoulder movements like abduction, internal and external rotation

Any  injury or weakness of the rotator cuff muscles will destabilize the shoulder joint and make it prone for dislocations.

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Ican only answer your first question, a machine is like a human body because it's a little similar. they both almost work like the same.