Brendon has been using xanax for a period of over six months. alex, his friend, asks him to stop using the drug as it adversely affects the body. brendon listens to alex and discontinues taking the drug. however, upon withdrawal, he experiences immense physical pain accompanied by increased craving for the drug. this is most likely due to
a. physical dependence.
b. decreased tolerance.
c. transitive inference.
d. mental instability.

A74-year-old woman, who has been followed for the past 25 years for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comes to the ed complaining of 48 hours of temperature to 38.6 c and worsening shortness of breath. she has a chronic productive cough, which has become more copious. on physical examination, she has rhonchi and increased fremitus in the posterior mid-lung field. a gram's stain reveals many epithelial cells and multiple gram-positive and gram-negative organisms; no neutrophils are seen. which of the following is the most likely organism causing the symptoms? - escherichia coli- haemophilus influenzae- klebsiella pneumoniae- mycobacterium tuberculosis- mycoplasma pneumoniae