Describe self-perception theory, and explain how it can be applied to human emotion, behavior, and motivation. Define the overjustification effect, and discuss the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

Which of the following represents the results of a review of well-controlled studies of vitamin c supplementation on the resistance to, and recovery from, colds? there was a reduction in the duration of colds by 50% on the average. there was a slight effect on reducing the duration and severity of colds for people taking vitamin c supplements. there was a significant reduction in the duration of colds in people who consumed at least one gram a day. there was a significant reduction in the number of colds only in people who consumed > three grams per day.

You are assessing an 86-year-old postoperative patient who has an unexpressive, stoic demeanor. when you enter the room, the patient is curled into the fetal position and your assessment reveals that his vital signs are elevated and he is diaphoretic. you ask the patient what his pain level is on a 0-to-10 scale that you explained to the patient prior to surgery. the patient indicates a pain level of “three or so.” you review your pain-management orders and find that all medications are ordered prn. how would you treat this patient's pain?

About how many individuals in the us go bankrupt each year due to medical bills?