An occupational health officer who works in the context of a large police force is attempting to understand the role that stress may play in the health of his clients. According to Selye, which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the phenomenon of stress?
1. Systemic illnesses can sometimes result from the resistance stage of stress
2. The alarm stage involves the release of cortisol and catecholamines
3. Periods of stress can be developmentally positive or negative
4. The nature of a stress response is determined by the objective severity of the stressor.