A patient with rheumatic fever has subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, and polyarthritis. The patient reports that discomfort in the joints prevents favorite activities such as taking a daily walk and working on sewing projects. Based on these findings, which nursing diagnosis statement would be appropriate? a. Activity intolerance related to arthralgia
b. Anxiety related to permanent joint fixation
c. Altered body image related to polyarthritis
d. Social isolation related to pain and swelling

You are assessing an 86-year-old postoperative patient who has an unexpressive, stoic demeanor. when you enter the room, the patient is curled into the fetal position and your assessment reveals that his vital signs are elevated and he is diaphoretic. you ask the patient what his pain level is on a 0-to-10 scale that you explained to the patient prior to surgery. the patient indicates a pain level of “three or so.” you review your pain-management orders and find that all medications are ordered prn. how would you treat this patient's pain?