1List three central limitations to aerobic capacity (VO2max)                                                             3 points 2List two peripheral limitations to aerobic capacity (VO2max)                                                          2 points

3Do Kravitz and Dalleck believe that central or peripheral limitations limit VO2max?                  1 point

4What is the lactate threshold?                                                                                                                1 point

5Define exercise economy                                                                                                      

1. pulmonary diffusion, cardiac output, and blood volume and flow

2. muscle diffusion capacity, and capillary density

3. Kravitz and Dalleck believe that both the central and peripheral limitations limit VO2max, although the relative importance of each component is being discussed, researched and debated.

4. The lactate threshold refers to the intensity of exercise at which point there is an abrupt increase in blood lactate levels resulting in the exercising muscles to become fatigued.

5. Exercise economy can be defined as the oxygen consumption that is required by the body to perform a given exercise.

Explanation:

1. The central limitation of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) refers to the limitations of the cardiovascular system to transport oxygen to the exercising muscles.

The three central limitations to aerobic capacity are:

2. Peripheral limitations refers to those factors which limit the ability of exercising muscles to extract and utilize oxygen, which has been transported by the cardiovascular system.

Two of these limitations include:

3. Kravitz and Dalleck believe that both the central and peripheral limitations limit VO2max, although the relative importance of each component is being discussed, researched and debated.

4. The lactate threshold refers to the intensity of exercise at which point there is an abrupt increase in blood lactate levels resulting in the exercising muscles to become fatigued.

In untrained endurance athletes, the lactate threshold occurs at between 50 - 60 % VO2max, whereas it increases to between 70 - 90 % in well-trained endurance athletes.

5. Exercise economy can be defined as the oxygen consumption that is required by the body to perform a given exercise.

fluid balance is an aspect of the homeostasis of organisms in which the amount of water in the organism needs to be controlled, via osmoregulation and behavior, such that the concentrations of electrolytes (salts in solution) in the various body fluids are kept within healthy ranges. the core principle of fluid balance is that the amount of water lost from the body must equal the amount of water taken in.