Laws that require professionals to act in the interests of their clients or on the interests of their organizations are made to enforce the of the professionals.

Which of the following supports the argument that viruses are nonliving? a) they are not cellular.b) their dna does not encode proteins.c) they have rna rather than dna.d) they do not evolve.

Viruses use the host's machinery to make copies of themselves. however, some human viruses require a type of replication that humans do not normally have. for example, humans normally do not have the ability to convert rna into dna. how can these types of viruses infect humans, when human cells cannot perform a particular role that the virus requires? a) the virus causes mutations in the human cells, resulting in the formation of new enzymes that are capable of performing these roles.b) the viral genome codes for specialized enzymes not in the host.c) the virus infects only those cells and species that can perform all the replication roles necessary.d) viruses can stay in a quiescent state until the host cell evolves this ability.

In 2009, a flu pandemic was believed to have originated when viral transmission occurred from pig to human, thereby earning the designation, "swine flu." although pigs are thought to have been the breeding ground for the 2009 virus, sequences from bird, pig, and human viruses were all found within this newly identified virus. what is the most likely explanation of why this virus contained sequences from bird, pig, and human viruses? a) the virus was descended from a common ancestor of bird, pig, and human flu viruses.b) the infected individuals happened to be infected with all three virus types.c) related viruses can undergo genetic recombination if the rna genomes mix and match during viral assembly.d) the human was likely infected with various bacterial strains that contained all three rna viruses.