What are some of the essential skills/techniques and standards that a phlebotomist must know and follow when performing a blood draw on a patient? why is it important for the phlebotomist to know these skills/techniques, and why must he/she follow certain standards?

They must know how to find a blood vein. They need to know how to get the needle into the vein and hopefully how to use the specific needle and needle head. They also need to have good communication skills. 

The skills and techniques that a phlebotomist must known in performing a blood draw in the patient is that he or she should be organize, he or she should provide the needed materials needed. He or she should be responsible with his or her actions as he or she must provide care and security for the patient. The phlebotomist should also be skilled in doing his or her task for a mistake has no room for lives can be in danger. This skills are important and must be followed because a life of a person could be in danger with one mistake that he or she could have done and in doing this procedure, you can expect that they are doing the best they can to provide the needs of the patient that asks for their help.