If a study talk about how vegans and vegetarians have low intake of nutrients then what would be the if independent, dependent, and control variable if they were to test participants by making them write down everything they ate over a four day period?

You can literally find this on google of each science career and search up what type of training you need and how many years in school

Is that a negative 22 or a positive?

Immunization is the introduction of a foreign substance to provoke  the immune response system.  immunizations are the same as vaccinations. it introduces foreign (but dead/ weakened) illnesses to train the body to fight against them. specific viruses and bacteria have specific antigens, antigens act sort of like name tags. these name tags the immune system recognize what's dangerous to the body and what's safe.