How are vaccines made for different diseases and infections?

Several vaccines are made by taking toxins and inactivating them with a chemical (the toxin, once inactivated, is called a toxoid). By inactivating the toxin, it no longer causes disease. The diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccines are made this way.

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Smoking damages the respiratory system by inhalation of a foreign substance, that is absorbed and residue is left behind on our lungs sponge like substance. the gas that is inhaled also increase your blood pressure and dilates your blood vessels. also the process of inhaling and exhaling the smoke it causes irritation to the throat and mouth. smoking can cause lung cancer and other respiratory and circulatory diseases.