50 point

1. a concert pianist is injured in an accident. one of her arms is so badly injured that it should be amputated, but the pianist doesn't want to lose one of her hands. what is this an example of?

a. ladder of responsibility
b. medical dilemma
c. medical morals
d. clinical model

2. what is the last step in the seven-step decision model used to model an ethical dilemma?

a. make a decision
b. assess the consequences
c. compare values and alternatives
d. define the precise ethical issue

3. a doctor orders unnecessary tests and procedures because he is afraid of lawsuits. which of the following best describes this?

a. the tests are illegal and unethical
b. the tests are legal and ethical
c. the tests are illegal but ethical
d. the tests are legal but inethical

4. an example of the principle of autonomy is

a. a physician explains the benefits of an elective hysterectomy to a patient because the patient is afraid.
b. a physician explains all of the risks and benefits of an elective hysterectomy to a patient prior to her surgery.
c. a physician decides not to tell an elderly patient that he has a diagnosis of cancer because the family requested that the patient not be told
d. a physician decides to discuss an elderly patient's diagnosis with his family first so they can decide if the patient should be told.

5. which of the following is an example of a common legal issue in the medical field?

a. violations of confidentiality
b. medication errors
c. negligence causing harm
d. all of the above

6. ethics must be grounded in

a. sincerity
b. reason and fact
c. emotion
d. religious belief

7. which of the following is an example of the difference between law and ethics?

a. the law tells us how we should act, while ethics tells us which actions will lead to consequences.
b. the law tends to be universal, whereas ethics tend to be dependent on the situation.
c. the law is simple and easy to understand, whereas ethics are complex and require much more study.
d. the law is official and enforced by the government, while ethics are unofficial but still generally accepted by society.

8. a provider offers all patients, regardless of income, an influenza vaccine at a low cost. what is this an example of?

a. principle of justice
b. principle of autonomy
c. principle of beneficence
d. principle of non-malfeasance

9. in general, an illegal act in the healthcare field is most likely?

a. forgiven
b. warranted
c. not discovered
d. unethical

10. which of the following is the best example of a legal issue in the medical field?

a. advocating for a patient's wishes against medical orders
b. practicing within the scope of your religious beliefs
c. practicing outside one's licensure/certification
d. expressing personal opinions about end-of-life care