Which is not one of nicotine’s short-term effects? a) changes in the brain that can lead to addiction b) increased heart rate c) psychological dependence d) increased blood pressure

C because nicotine brings down people’s dependence.

The right answer is c) psychological dependence

The other proposals appear in a smoker who does not smoke for a long time.

When you're a smoker, smoking is a way to indulge, manage stress or anxiety, overcome emotions, stimulate yourself, focus, and so on. This dependence is related to the psychoactive effects of nicotine which provides pleasure, relaxation, intellectual stimulation, anxiolytic action, antidepressive and appetite suppressant. This dependence may appear shortly after the first smoked cigarettes and varies considerably from one smoker to another.

is there any answer choices to this?