Resolving disputes outside of court after litigation has begun is called a. alternative dispute resolution (adr). b. judicial determination. c. mediation. d. legislative initiation.

I believe the answer is A. alternative dispute resolution
alternative dispute resolution usually being done by finding a middle ground between two party.
A lot of cases actually ending out in alternative dispute resolution because  neither party are willing to risk the punishment that imposed by the court if they lost the case.

The answer to this is true

Answerstrict liability;