Which term describes the complete set of processes carried out by an organism in order to sustain life?

Smoking cigarettes is a pervasive habit found in many parts of the world and a habit that could be explained by both microsociological and macrosociological forces. give an example of each that would be relevant to explaining the proliferation of smoking. how might your suggested micro- and macro-level analyses be linked

Latesha moore has a choice at work between a traditional health insurance plan that pays 80 percent of the cost of doctor visits after a $250 deductible and an hmo that charges an $8 co-payment per visit + a $20 monthly premium deduction from her paycheck. latesha anticipates seeing a doctor once a month for her high blood pressure. the cost of each office visit is $50. she normally sees the doctor an average of three times a year for other health concerns. comment on the difference in costs between the two health care plans and the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Early treatment for mental illness involved because doctors believed that doing this would drain the mental illness out of the person’s body.