Why are standards needed in health informatics?

Today’s current healthcare landscape consists of a variety of care settings and stakeholders, which all leverage a number of different information systems in their delivery of care

Each gram of carbohydrates and proteins yield 4 calories / gram . the more the calories a food has the more energy it provide to you body.

Immunization is the introduction of a foreign substance to provoke  the immune response system.  immunizations are the same as vaccinations. it introduces foreign (but dead/ weakened) illnesses to train the body to fight against them. specific viruses and bacteria have specific antigens, antigens act sort of like name tags. these name tags the immune system recognize what's dangerous to the body and what's safe.