What was the effect of improved metal-making processes developed during the industrial revolution

The effect of improved metal-making processes developed during the industrial revolution is that it made available cheaper, higher quality metals during the Industrial Revolution. This facilitated the Revolution given that metals were now available to enable the construction of factories and other infrastructure

necessary and proper clause. the congress shall have power to all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states, or in any department or officer thereof.